Fixed Appliances in Orthodontics Question And Answers

Fixed Appliances Important Notes

• Components of fixed appliances

Fixed Appliances Long Essay

Question 1. Classify orthodontic appliances and discuss in detail the various components of fixed appliances. Add a note on its advantages and disadvantages.
Answer.

Classification Of Orthodontic Appliances:

• Mechanical appliances
  • Removable appliances
  • Fixed appliances
• Myofunctional appliances
  • Removable appliances
  • Fixed appliances

Components Of Fixed Appliances

Active components:

• Archwires
  • Bring about tooth movement
    Ideal requirement:
  • High spring back
  • Low stiffness
  • High formability
  • High resilience
  • Bio-compatible
  • Resist to tarnish and corrosion
  • Can be soldered/welded
  • Least friction creating
    Classification:
    • Based on material
      • Gold and Gold alloys
      • Stainless steel
      • Nickel titanium
    • Based on Cross section
      • Round
      • Rectangular
      • Square
      • Multistranded

Elastics:

• Simple elactic – Resemble rubber band
  • Made of latex rubber
  • Available – various diameters and colors
    Use:
    • Closure of space
    • Correcting of open bites
    • Correction of cross bites
    • Correction of inter arch relationship
• Elastic chain
  • Material – Polyurethane
  • Use – Closure of Space between teeth
• Elastic thread
  • Material – Core of latex rubber, surrounded by silk
  • Use – Closure of space, Derotation
• Elastic modules – Two rings separated by variable distance
  • Use – Closure of space and derotation
• Ligating rings
  • Use – To secure arch wires to brackets

Springs:

Use: To bring about tooth movement

Types Of Orthodontic Appliances:

• Uprighting – to move the root mesially
• Torquing – Move root labially/palatally
• Open coil springs – To open space between teeth
• Closed coil springs – To close space

Read And Learn More: Orthodontics Short And Long Essay Question And Answers 

Separators:

Uses Of Separators: To break tight contact

Types Of Separators:

• Brass wire
• Ring
• Dumbbell
• Kesling

Passive Component:

• Bands:
  Use – To fix various attachments to tooth
  Advantage:
  • Reduces chair time
  • Comfortable for patient

        Available:

• • In various sizes for different teeth
  • Of stainless steel
• Brackets:
  • Use – To transmit force to teeth
    Type:
    • Edge wise
    • Ribbon arch
    • Weladable and bondable
    • Metallic
    • ceramic
    • Plastic
• Available – In various sizes
• • Have one/more slots to accept arch wire

Buccal Tubes:

• Fixed on anteriors/premolar
• On molar called molar tube
• Can be welded/bonded/cemented
• Can be round/rectangular
• Additional tubes for extra-oral anchorage
• Lingual Attachments:
  • Attachments fixed on lingual aspect
    Example: Lingual buttons, lingual cleats, eye lets and ball end hook
• Ligature Wires:
  • Use – To secure arch wire
  • Size – 0.009 – 0.011 inched diameters
  • Available in various colors
  • Used in edge wise brackets
• Lockpins:
  • use – To secure ribbon arch brackets
  • Made of brass

Advantages Of Fixed Appliances.

• Cooperation of patient is achieved
• Various tooth movements are possible
• Tooth movement of multiple teeth is possible simultaneously
• Good occlusion is achieved
• More precise tooth movements possible
• Can be used in complicated malocclusions
• Better anchorage is obtained
• Management of appliance possible
• Convenient for the operator as no need of timely wear of appliance
• Less time of treatment required

Disadvantages Of Fixed Appliances.

• Difficult to maintain oral hygiene
• More time consuming
• More chair time required
• Technique sensitive
• May apply misdirected forces
• Frequent visits required
• Expensive

Fixed Appliances Short Essays

Question 1. Name 3 fixed appliace techniques. Differntiate begg and Edgewise appliances.
Answer.

Fixed Appliance Techniques:

• Edgewise technique
• Begg appliance
• Lingual technique

Question 2. Passive Components of Fixed Appliances.
Answer.

Bands Of Fixed Appliances:

Use – To fix various attachments to tooth

• Advantage:
• • Reduces chair time
  • Comfortable for patient
• Available:
  • In various sizes for different teeth
  • Of stainless steel

Brackets Of Fixed Appliances:

Use – To transmit force to teeth

Types Of Brackets:

• Edge wise
• Ribbon arch
• Weladable and bondable
• Metallic
• ceramic
• Plastic

Available – In various sizes

• Have one/more slots to accept arch wire

Buccal Tubes:

• Fixed on anteriors/premolar
• On molar called molar tube
• Can be welded/bonded/cemented
• Can be round/rectangular
• Additional tubes for extra-oral anchorage

Lingual Attachments:

• Attachments fixed on lingual aspect
  Example: Lingual buttons, lingual cleats, eye lets and ball end hook

Ligature Wires:

• Use – To secure arch wire
• Size – 0.009 – 0.011 inched diameters
• Available in various colors
• Used in edge wise brackets

Lockpins:

• use – To secure ribbon arch brackets
• Made of brass

Fixed Appliances Short Questions And Answers

Question 1. Fixed Appliances.
Answer.

Appliances that are fixed/fitted onto the teeth by the operator and cannot be removed by the patient at will are called “Fixed appliances”

Important Advantages Of Fixed Appliances:

• Patient cooperation
• Capable of all tooth movements
• Capable of even root movements

Disadvantages Of Fixed Appliances:

• Poor oral hygiene maintenance
• Time consuming
• Technique sensation

Question 2. Elgiloy Wires.
Answer.

Chemical Name: Cobalt Chromium Nickel

Properties Of Elgiloy Wires:

• Adequate spring back
• Formability
• Biocompatible
• Arch wires – Active component of fixed appliance

Question 3. Molar Tubes.
Answer.

• Fixed on anteriors/premolar
• On molar called molar tube
• Can be welded/bonded/cemented
• Can be round/rectangular
• Additional tubes for extra-oral anchorage

Question 4. Parts of Fixed Appliances.
Answer.

• Active components:
  • Archwires
  • Elastics
  • Springs
  • Separators
• Passive components:
  • Bands
  • Brackets
  • Buccal tubes
  • Lingual attachments
  • Ligature wires
  • Lockpins

Question 5. Stainless Steel.
Answer.

• Austenitic stainless steel
• Use – To make orthodontic archwires

Properties Of Stainless Steel:

• Adequate strength
• Adequate spring back
• Resilience
• Formability
• Biocompatible
• Economical

Fixed Appliances Viva Voce

• Brackets are fixed on anterior teeth and premolars
• Buccal tubes are used on molars
• Elastic chains are made of polyurethane
• Zinc phosphate can be used for cementatin of bands onto the teeth
• Oral hygiene maintenance is difficult in case of fixed appliances
• Plastic brackets are made up of poly carbonate
• Titanium arch wires exhibit superior elastic properties
• Lock pins are made of brass
• Buccal tube is passive component of fixed appliance