Fixed Appliances in Orthodontics Question And Answers

Fixed Appliances Important Notes

  • Components of fixed appliances

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Components of fixed appliances 1

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Components of fixed appliances 2

Fixed Appliances Long Essay

Question 1. Classify orthodontic appliances and discuss in detail the various components of fixed appliances. Add a note on its advantages and disadvantages.
Answer.

Classification Of Orthodontic Appliances:

  • Mechanical appliances
    • Removable appliances
    • Fixed appliances
  • Myofunctional appliances
    • Removable appliances
    • Fixed appliances

Components Of Fixed Appliances

Active components:

  • Archwires
    • Bring about tooth movement
      Ideal requirement:
    • High spring back
    • Low stiffness
    • High formability
    • High resilience
    • Bio-compatible
    • Resist to tarnish and corrosion
    • Can be soldered/welded
    • Least friction creating
      Classification:

      • Based on material
        • Gold and Gold alloys
        • Stainless steel
        • Nickel titanium
      • Based on Cross section
        • Round
        • Rectangular
        • Square
        • Multistranded

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Cross section of archwires

Read And Learn More: Orthodontics Short And Long Essay Question And Answers 

Elastics:

  • Simple elactic – Resemble rubber band
    • Made of latex rubber
    • Available – various diameters and colors
      Use:

      • Closure of space
      • Correcting of open bites
      • Correction of cross bites
      • Correction of inter arch relationship
  • Elastic chain
    • Material – Polyurethane
    • Use – Closure of Space between teeth
  • Elastic thread
    • Material – Core of latex rubber, surrounded by silk
    • Use – Closure of space, Derotation
  • Elastic modules – Two rings separated by variable distance
    • Use – Closure of space and derotation
  • Ligating rings
    • Use – To secure arch wires to brackets

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Orthodontic elastics

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Elastics

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Cross Bite

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Elastic Chains

Springs:

Use: To bring about tooth movement

Types Of Orthodontic Appliances:

  • Uprighting – to move the root mesially
  • Torquing – Move root labially/palatally
  • Open coil springs – To open space between teeth
  • Closed coil springs – To close space

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Uprighting springs

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Close coil spring for mesio-distal 1

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Close coil spring for mesio-distal 2

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Open coil spring used to open space 1

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Open coil spring used to open space 2

Separators:

Uses Of Separators: To break tight contact

Types Of Separators:

  • Brass wire
  • Ring
  • Dumbbell
  • Kesling

Passive Component:

  • Bands:
    Use – To fix various attachments to tooth
    Advantage:

    • Reduces chair time
    • Comfortable for patient

        Available:

    • In various sizes for different teeth
    • Of stainless steel
  • Brackets:
    • Use – To transmit force to teeth
      Type:

      • Edge wise
      • Ribbon arch
      • Weladable and bondable
      • Metallic
      • ceramic
      • Plastic
  • Available – In various sizes
    • Have one/more slots to accept arch wire

Buccal Tubes:

  • Fixed on anteriors/premolar
  • On molar called molar tube
  • Can be welded/bonded/cemented
  • Can be round/rectangular
  • Additional tubes for extra-oral anchorage
  • Lingual Attachments:
    • Attachments fixed on lingual aspect
      Example: Lingual buttons, lingual cleats, eye lets and ball end hook
  • Ligature Wires:
    • Use – To secure arch wire
    • Size – 0.009 – 0.011 inched diameters
    • Available in various colors
    • Used in edge wise brackets
  • Lockpins:
    • use – To secure ribbon arch brackets
    • Made of brass

Advantages Of Fixed Appliances.

  • Cooperation of patient is achieved
  • Various tooth movements are possible
  • Tooth movement of multiple teeth is possible simultaneously
  • Good occlusion is achieved
  • More precise tooth movements possible
  • Can be used in complicated malocclusions
  • Better anchorage is obtained
  • Management of appliance possible
  • Convenient for the operator as no need of timely wear of appliance
  • Less time of treatment required

Disadvantages Of Fixed Appliances.

  • Difficult to maintain oral hygiene
  • More time consuming
  • More chair time required
  • Technique sensitive
  • May apply misdirected forces
  • Frequent visits required
  • Expensive

Fixed Appliances Short Essays

Question 1. Name 3 fixed appliace techniques. Differntiate begg and Edgewise appliances.
Answer.

Fixed Appliance Techniques:

  • Edgewise technique
  • Begg appliance
  • Lingual technique

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Fixed appliance techniques

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances First order bend

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Second order bend

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Third order bend

Question 2. Passive Components of Fixed Appliances.
Answer.

Bands Of Fixed Appliances:

Use – To fix various attachments to tooth

  • Advantage:
    • Reduces chair time
    • Comfortable for patient
  • Available:
    • In various sizes for different teeth
    • Of stainless steel

Brackets Of Fixed Appliances:

Use – To transmit force to teeth

Types Of Brackets:

  • Edge wise
  • Ribbon arch
  • Weladable and bondable
  • Metallic
  • ceramic
  • Plastic

Available – In various sizes

  • Have one/more slots to accept arch wire

Buccal Tubes:

  • Fixed on anteriors/premolar
  • On molar called molar tube
  • Can be welded/bonded/cemented
  • Can be round/rectangular
  • Additional tubes for extra-oral anchorage

Lingual Attachments:

  • Attachments fixed on lingual aspect
    Example: Lingual buttons, lingual cleats, eye lets and ball end hook

Ligature Wires:

  • Use – To secure arch wire
  • Size – 0.009 – 0.011 inched diameters
  • Available in various colors
  • Used in edge wise brackets

Lockpins:

  • use – To secure ribbon arch brackets
  • Made of brass

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Edgewise Type Of Bracket

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Single and double buccal tubes

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Triple buccal tubes

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Lingual cleat

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Lingual button

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Ball end hook

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Eyelet

Orthodontics Fixed Appliances Lock pin used to secure wire in ribbon arch type of bracket

Fixed Appliances Short Questions And Answers

Question 1. Fixed Appliances.
Answer.

Appliances that are fixed/fitted onto the teeth by the operator and cannot be removed by the patient at will are called “Fixed appliances”

Important Advantages Of Fixed Appliances:

  • Patient cooperation
  • Capable of all tooth movements
  • Capable of even root movements

Disadvantages Of Fixed Appliances:

  • Poor oral hygiene maintenance
  • Time consuming
  • Technique sensation

Question 2. Elgiloy Wires.
Answer.

Chemical Name: Cobalt Chromium Nickel

Properties Of Elgiloy Wires:

  • Adequate spring back
  • Formability
  • Biocompatible
  • Arch wires – Active component of fixed appliance

Question 3. Molar Tubes.
Answer.

  • Fixed on anteriors/premolar
  • On molar called molar tube
  • Can be welded/bonded/cemented
  • Can be round/rectangular
  • Additional tubes for extra-oral anchorage

Question 4. Parts of Fixed Appliances.
Answer.

  • Active components:
    • Archwires
    • Elastics
    • Springs
    • Separators
  • Passive components:
    • Bands
    • Brackets
    • Buccal tubes
    • Lingual attachments
    • Ligature wires
    • Lockpins

Question 5. Stainless Steel.
Answer.

  • Austenitic stainless steel
  • Use – To make orthodontic archwires

Properties Of Stainless Steel:

  • Adequate strength
  • Adequate spring back
  • Resilience
  • Formability
  • Biocompatible
  • Economical

Fixed Appliances Viva Voce

  • Brackets are fixed on anterior teeth and premolars
  • Buccal tubes are used on molars
  • Elastic chains are made of polyurethane
  • Zinc phosphate can be used for cementatin of bands onto the teeth
  • Oral hygiene maintenance is difficult in case of fixed appliances
  • Plastic brackets are made up of poly carbonate
  • Titanium arch wires exhibit superior elastic properties
  • Lock pins are made of brass
  • Buccal tube is passive component of fixed appliance

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