NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes

Question And Answers

Covering Intext Questions and Exercises of NCERT

Question 1. Answer the following questions briefly.

What is the true shape of the Earth?

Answer:

The true shape of the Earth is not that of a sphere. It is flattened at the poles and has a bulge in the middle.

What is a globe?

Answer:

A globe is a true model of the Earth. It shows the Earth in its real shape with continents, oceans, and tilt on its axis.

What is the latitudinal value of the Tropic of Cancer?

Answer:

The latitudinal value of the Tropic of Cancer is 23 V20 N.

What are the three heat zones of the Earth?

Answer:

The three heat zones of the earth are as follows

  • Torrid Zone The area that receives maximum heat is called the Torrid zone.
  • Temperate Zone The regions of moderate temperature are called temperate zones.
  • Frigid Zone The region with extremely low temperatures is called a frigid zone.

What are the parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude?

Answer:

The parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude are defined as follows

  • Parallels of latitudes All parallel circles from the equator up to the poles are called parallels of latitudes. These are measured in degrees.
  • Meridians of longitudes All of the imaginary lines running from the North Pole to the South Pole. The distance between them is measured in degrees.

Why does the Torrid zone receive the maximum amount of heat?

Answer:

The torrid zone receives the maximum amount of heat because the mid-day Sun at least once a year is exactly overhead on all latitudes in the area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

Why is it 5.30 PM in India and 12.00 noon in London?

Answer:

It is 5:30 PM in India and 12 noon in London because India is located at 82° 30’ East of Greenwich which is 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.

Question 2. Tick the correct answers.

The value of the Prime Meridian is

  1. 90°
  2. 60°

Answer: 2. 0°

The frigid zone lies near

  1. the Poles.
  2. the Equator
  3. the Tropic of Cancer

Answer: 1. the Poles

The total number of longitudes are

  1. 360
  2. 180
  3. 90

Answer: 1. 360

The Antarctic Circle is located in

  1. the Northern Hemisphere
  2. the Southern Hemisphere
  3. the Eastern Hemisphere

Answer: 2. the Southern Hemisphere

Grid is a network of

  1. parallels of latitudes and meridians of longitudes
  2. the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
  3. the North Pole and the South Pole

Answer: 1. parallels of latitudes and meridians of longitudes

Question 3. Fill in the blanks.

The Tropic of Capricorn is located at

Answer: 23 1/2°S or 23° 30’S

The Standard Meridian of India is

Answer: 82 1/2°E or 82° 30’E

The 0° Meridian is also known as

Answer: Prime Meridian

The distance between the longitudes decreases towards

Answer: poles

The Arctic Circle is located in the Hemisphere.

Answer: Northern

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Question 1. What Is the imaginary line that runs on the globe and divides the Earth into two equal parts?

  1. Axis
  2. Equator
  3. Tropic of Cancer
  4. Prime Meridian

Answer: 2. Equator

Question 2. What is the latitude of the North Pole?

  1. 23K°N
  2. 66A° N
  3. 90° N

Answer: 3. 90° N

Question 3. Which latitude represents the South Pole?

  1. 66 1/2° S
  2. 90° S
  3. 23 1/2°S

Answer: 2. 90° S

Question 4. Rajesh, a geography enthusiast, is studying the Earth’s characteristics and geographic features. He is particularly interested in understanding the imaginary lines that help in locating places on the globe. Which of the following statements about latitude is incorrect?

  1. All parallel circles from the equator up to the poles are called parallels of latitudes.
  2. The distance from the equator to either of the poles is one-third of a circle around the Earth.
  3. The equator represents the zero-degree latitude.
  4. The size of the parallels of latitude decreases as we move away from the equator.

Answer: 2. The distance from the equator to either of the poles is one-third of a circle around the Earth.

Question 5. In which hemisphere is Chandrapur (India) located, if it is at 20° N latitude?

  1. Northern Hemisphere
  2. Southern Hemisphere
  3. Eastern Hemisphere
  4. Western Hemisphere

Answer: 1. Northern Hemisphere

Question 6. Which circle is located at 66 1/2 North of the equator?

  1. Antarctic Circle
  2. Tropic of Cancer
  3. Tropic of Capricorn
  4. Arctic Circle

Answer: 4. Arctic Circle

Question 7. Which line marks 66V20 South of the equator?

  1. Arctic Circle
  2. Antarctic Circle
  3. Tropic of Cancer
  4. Tropic of Capricorn

Answer: 2. Antarctic Circle

Question 8. In which zone does the area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn fall?

  1. Temperate Zone
  2. Torrid Zone
  3. Frigid Zone
  4. Arctic Zone

Answer: 2. Torrid Zone

Question 9. In which zone does the region between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole fall?

  1. Temperate Zone
  2. Torrid Zone
  3. Frigid Zone
  4. Arctic Zone

Answer: 3. Frigid Zone

Question 10. Which imaginary line crosses at 82 1/2 °N in the Northern Hemisphere?

  1. Tropic of Cancer
  2. Tropic of Capricorn
  3. Arctic Circle
  4. Antarctic Circle

Answer: 1. Tropic of Cancer

Question 11. Which line serves as the standard for international time?

  1. Equator
  2. Prime Meridian
  3. Tropic of Cancer
  4. Antarctic Circle

Answer: 2. Prime Meridian

Question 12. What is the line that divides the Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres?

  1. Equator
  2. Tropic of Cancer
  3. Prime Meridian
  4. Tropic of Capricorn

Answer: 3. Prime Meridian

Question 13. Name the primary method for time measurement on Earth.

  1. Moon’s movement
  2. Earth’s rotation
  3. Meridian distance
  4. Equator alignment

Answer: 2. Earth’s rotation

Question 14. What is the time difference between two locations for every 15° of longitude?

  1. 30 minutes
  2. 1 hour
  3. 1 hour and 15 minutes
  4. 45 minutes

Answer: 2. 1 hour

Question 15. The Earth takes how many minutes to cross a meridian?

  1. 15
  2. 60
  3. 4
  4. 20

Answer: 3. 4

Question 16. What is the Indian Standard Time (1ST) meridian’s longitude?

  1. 45°
  2. 82° 30′
  3. 180°

Answer: 3. 82° 30′

Question 17. When it is 4 pm in India, what is the time of Greenwich?

  1. 10:30 pm
  2. 11:00 am
  3. 10:30 am
  4. 11:00 pm

Answer: 3. 10:30 am

Question 18. India is located in Greenwich.

  1. East
  2. West
  3. North
  4. South

Answer: 1. East

Question 19. How many time zones are there on the Earth?

  1. 12
  2. 24
  3. 36
  4. 48

Answer: 2. 24

Question 20. In which hemisphere, the region between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole is located?

  1. Northern Hemisphere
  2. Southern Hemisphere
  3. Eastern Hemisphere
  4. Western Hemisphere

Answer: 1. Northern Hemisphere

Question 21. Rina, the 22-year-old girl lives in the town of Jharkhand where the equator line passes in between two villages. In the context of the Earth’s structure and geographic features, why is the equator considered a crucial reference point?

  1. It marks the beginning of the temperate zone.
  2. It serves as the starting point for counting longitudes.
  3. It divides the Earth into two equal halves, the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
  4. It represents the axis around which the Earth rotates.

Answer: 3. It divides the Earth into two equal halves, the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Question 22. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

  1. The places situated East of Greenwich will be behind of Greenwich time.
  2. The distance between the meridians is the same everywhere.
  3. Both latitudes and longitudes are required to find any location.

Codes

  1. Only 1
  2. Both 1 and 2
  3. 1, 2 and 3
  4. Both 1 and 3

Answer: 4. Both 1 and 3

Question 23. Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

  1. The rays of the Sun at the poles are always slanting.
  2. The latitudes are parallel imaginary lines of torrid zone only.
  3. The Antarctic Circle is located 23 1/2 °S from the equator.

Codes

  1. Only 1
  2. Both 1 and 2
  3. Both 2 and 3
  4. 1, 2 and 3

Answer: 3. Both 2 and 3

Question 24. Arrange the following zones from the equator to the pole.

  1. Frigid zone
  2. Torrid zone
  3. Temperate zone

Codes

  1. (2), (3), (2)
  2. (2), (1), (3)
  3. (1), (2), (3)
  4. (3), (2), (1)

Answer: 1. (2), (3), (2)

Question 25. Arrange the following parallel of latitudes (in degree) from the South Pole to the equator.

  1. 66 1/2 °S
  2. 0°S
  3. 23 1/2 °S
  4. 90 °S

Codes

  1. (1), (2), (3), (4)
  2. (4), (1), (3), (2)
  3. (3), (2), (1), (4)
  4. (3), (4), (1), (2)

Answer: 2. (4), (1), (3), (2)

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Match The Following

Question 1. 

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Social Science Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Match The Following List 1 And List 2

Codes

  • A  B  C  D
  1. 4  1  3  2
  2. 2  3  1  4
  3. 1  2  3  4
  4. 4  3  2  1

Answer: 3. 1  2  3  4

Question 2.

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Social Science Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Match The Following Given List 1 And List 2

  • A  B  C  D
  1. 2  3  1  4
  2. 4  3  2  1
  3. 4  1  3  2
  4. 1  2  3  4

Answer: 2.  4  3  2  1

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Assertion Reason

1. Assertion (A) The Earth’s equator plays a crucial role as a reference point for locating places on the globe.

Reason (R) The equator is an imaginary circular line that divides the Earth into two equal parts, namely the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

Codes

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true, but R is false
  4. A is false, but R is true

Answer: 1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

2. Assertion (a) Standard Time is necessary to address variations in local times across different meridians.

Reason (R) Local times on different meridians vary due to the Earth’s rotation, making it challenging to create timetables for activities that involve crossing multiple longitudes.

Codes

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true, but R is false
  4. A is false, but R is true

Answer: 1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Fill in the Blanks

Question 1. The Northern half of the Earth is known as the

Answer: Northern Hemisphere

Question 2. All parallel circles from the equator up to the poles are called

Answer: parallels of latitudes

Question 3. ……… is situated at 20 ° N latitude and …… is situated at 20° S latitude.

Answer: Chandrapur, Belo Horizontal

4. At 23 1/2°, degrees ……. is located at the South of the Equator.

Answer: Tropic of Capricorn

5. The best means of measuring time is by the ……… the Moon and the planets.

Answer: movement of the Earth

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes True/False

Question 1. The Earth’s axis is a physical line passing through the planet’s center.

Answer: False

Question 2. All meridians of longitude are of different lengths.

Answer: False

Question 3. The Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn are located at 23.5° N and 23.5° S latitudes, respectively.

Answer: True

Question 4. The Prime Meridian passes through the North Pole.

Answer: False

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Picture Based Question

What is the 82 ½ E meridian that is shown in the picture given below, is also known as.

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Social Science Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Indian Standard Time

  1. Prime Meridian
  2. International Time
  3. International Date Line
  4. Indian Standard Time (1ST)

Answer: 4. Indian Standard Time (1ST)

2. Look at the picture given below and answer the following questions

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Social Science Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Indicates The Position Of A Place With The Latitude And Longitude

Question 1. How can any place be determined by a grid? Explain it with an example.

Answer:

  • We can determine the position of a place with the help of information about its latitude and longitude. We can determine it by taking the help of a grid in the following manner. First of all, find the point of reference where the two lines cut each other.
  • For example, if we have to find out the location of point b in the grid (as shown alongside in the figure), then the location of point b will be D° N latitude and PE longitude. Vertical lines represent East longitudes and horizontal lines as North latitudes.

Question 2. Look at the picture showing the Earth’s axis, the equator, the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, the Arctic Circle, and the Antarctic Circle, and answer the questions that follow.

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Social Science Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Earth Axis

(1) What is the value of the Tropic of Cancer?

Answer: 23°30′ N is the value of the Tropic of Cancer.

(2) Which zone is situated between 66°30’S and the poles?

Answer: The frigid zone is situated between 66°30’S and the poles.

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Cased Based Question

1. Read the passage given below and answer the following question.

  • The best means of measuring time is by the movement of the Earth, the Moon, and the planets. The Sun regularly rises and sets every day, and naturally, it is the best timekeeper throughout the world. Local time can be reckoned by the shadow cast by the Sun, which is the shortest at noon and longest at sunrise and sunset.
  • When the Prime Meridian of Greenwich has the Sun at the highest point in the sky, all the places along this meridian will have mid-day or noon. As the Earth rotates from West to East, those places East of Greenwich will be ahead of Greenwich time and those to the West will be behind it.
  • The rate of difference can be calculated as follows. The Earth rotates 3600 in about 24 hours, which means 15°an hour or 1° in four minutes.
  • Thus, when it is 12 noon at Greenwich, the time at 15 ° East of Greenwich will be 15 x 4 = 60 minutes, i.e., 1 hour ahead of Greenwich time, which means 1 pm but at 15° West of Greenwich, the time will be behind Greenwich time by 1 hour, i.e., it will be 11.00 am Similarly, at 180°, it will be mid-night when it is 12 noon at Greenwich.

Question 1. How is local time affected in places East of Greenwhich?

  1. Local time is behind Greenwich time.
  2. Local time is ahead of Greenwich time.
  3. Local time is the same as Greenwich time.
  4. Local time is not affected.

Answer: 2. Local time is ahead of Greenwich time

Question 2. How is local time determined according to the passage?

  1. By the movement of the Moon
  2. By the shadow cast of the Sun
  3. By the rotation of the planets
  4. By the position of the Prime Meridian

Answer: 2. By the shadow cast of the Sun.

Question 3. How does the Earth’s rotation affect time in different places?

  1. It causes variations in local time.
  2. It determines the length of the day.
  3. It influences the movement of the Moon.
  4. It creates differences in sunrise and sunset times.

Answer: 1. It causes variations in local time.

Question 4. How is the time difference calculated between the two locations, according to the passage?

  1. By the length of the day.
  2. By the Earth’s revolution around the Sun.
  3. By multiplying the distance by 4 minutes.
  4. By calculating the Moon’s position.

Answer: 3. By multiplying the distance by 4 minutes.

2. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.

  • The local times of places that are on different meridians are bound to differ. For example, it will be difficult to prepare a timetable for trains which cross several longitudes.
  • In India, for instance, there will be a difference of about 1 hour and 45 minutes between the local times of Dwarka in Gujarat and Dibrugarh in Assam. It is, therefore, necessary to adopt the local time of some central meridian of a country as the standard time for the country.
  • In India, the longitude of 82 ½° E (82° 30’E) is treated as the standard meridian. The local time at this meridian is taken as the standard time for the whole country. It is known as the Indian Standard Time (1ST),

Question 1. Why is it challenging to prepare a timetable for trains that cross several longitudes?

Answer:

It is challenging to prepare a timetable for trains that cross several longitudes because the local times of places on different meridians differ, making it difficult to synchronize schedules for cross-longitude travel.

Question 2. What is the significance of the 82 ½° E (82° 30’E) meridian in India?

Answer:

The significance of the 82 ½ ° E meridian is that it is adopted as the standard meridian in India, and its local time, known as Indian Standard Time (1ST), serves as the standard time for the entire country.

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Very Short Answer Type Question

Question 1. What is the axis of a globe?
Answer:

The Axis of a globe is a needle that is fixed through the globe in a tilted manner, representing the Earth’s imaginary axis.

Question 2. What is the equator, and why it is important?
Answer:

The equator is an imaginary circular line dividing the Earth into Northern and Southern hemispheres. It is important for locating places.

Question 3. What are latitudes?
Answer:

Imaginary circles parallel to the equator, measured in degrees, dividing the Earth into North and South latitudes are called latitudes.

Question 4. What is the significance of 90 degrees latitude?
Answer:

The significance of 90-degree latitude is that 90 degrees North marks the North Pole and 90 degrees South marks the South Pole.

Question 5. Define the Torrid Zone.
Answer:

The area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn receives the maximum heat and is called a torrid zone.

Question 6. What are the Temperate Zones?
Answer:

The areas between the Arctic Circle and Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Antarctic Circle and Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere have moderate temperatures and are called temperate zones.

Question 7. What are the characteristics of Frigid Zones?
Answer:

The frigid zone is characterized by extremely cold regions between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Antarctic Circle, and the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere.

Question 8. How are longitudes measured?
Answer:

Longitudes are measured by lines of reference, called meridians which are measured in degrees, with the Prime Meridians at 0°.

Question 9. What is Prime Meridian?
Answer:

The counting of longitudes starts from the meridian which passes through Greenwich where the British Royal Observatory is located. This meridian is called the Prime Meridian.

Question 10. How is time-related to longitudes?
Answer:

Time is related to longitudes as Earth’s rotation determines time, with 15° per hour or 1° in four minutes, creating different time zones.

Question 11. What is the purpose of standard time?
Answer:

Standard time is adopted to create consistent time schedules, with each country having its central meridian,

Question 12. What is Indian Standard Time (1ST)?
Answer:

The local time at standard meridian which is taken as the standard time for the whole country is known as the Indian Standard Time (1ST).

Question 13. Why does the Earth have varying time zones?
Answer:

Earth has varying time zones as different longitudes experience noon at different times. This leads to the need for standard time zones.

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. What do you mean by North latitudes, South latitudes, and zero-degree latitudes? What is the distance from the equator to either of the poles?

Answer:

All parallel circles North of the equator are called North latitudes while all parallels South of the equator are called South latitudes. The equator represents the zero-degree latitude.

The distance from the equator to either of the poles is one-fourth of a circle around the Earth (1 /4th of 360 degrees, i.e. 90°).

Question 2. Why are latitudes measured in degrees and how do they vary as we move away from the equator?

Answer:

  • Latitudes are measured in degrees to provide a standardized unit for quantifying the distance from the equator. This uniform measurement helps in determining geographical location.
  • As we move away from the equator towards the poles, the size of latitudinal parallels diminishes.
  • This variation is a consequence of the Earth’s curved surface, where the degrees of latitude represent a decreasing distance due to the curvature.

Question 3. Explain the difference between North and South latitudes through an example.

Answer:

  • The difference between North and South latitudes can be understood through the example of Chandrapur in Maharashtra (India) and Belo Horizonte in Brazil (South America).
  • Both of these places are located on parallels of about 20° latitude. However, the difference between both locations is their position in North and South latitudes respectively.
  • Chandrapur in India is situated 20° North of the equator while Belo in Brazil is situated 20° South of the equator. Thus, Chandrapur is at 20° N latitude and Belo Horizonte at 20°
    S latitude.

Question 4. What is the function of the Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle in geography?

Answer:

The Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle, located 66l/z° from the equator in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, respectively, delineate the boundaries of the polar regions.

These circles show the areas where the Sun’s rays reach their maximum slant. They play a crucial role in defining and understanding the Earth’s polar climates and environmental conditions.

Question 5. How are Earth’s heat zones determined, and why Torrid zone experience the most intense heat?

Answer:

Earth’s heat zones are determined by the way sunlight is distributed across the globe.

The Torrid zone, situated between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, experiences the most intense heat. This is because, at least once a year, the Sun is directly overhead in this region, resulting in maximum exposure to sunlight and, consequently, intense temperatures.

Question 6. What are Frigid zones and why they are cold?

Answer:

Frigid zones are the area between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere and the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere.

These regions remain very cold due to the sun’s slanting rays, providing less heat and resulting in colder temperatures.

Question 7. What role do longitudes play in locating places on Earth?

Answer:

  • It is difficult to locate a place exactly if two or more places are situated on the same latitude. For example, the Tonga Islands in the Pacific and the Mauritius Islands in the Indian Ocean are situated at the same latitude (20° S).
  • Thus, in order to locate these places exactly, it is necessary to know how far East or West are these places from the line of reference running from the North Pole to the South Pole. These lines of reference are called meridians of longitude.

Question 8. How local time is determined? Explain.

Answer:

  • Local time is determined by the shadow formed by the Sun which is shortest at noon and longest at sunrise and sunset. When the Sun is at its highest point along the Prime Meridian at Greenwich, all places on this meridian experience mid-day or noon.
  • As the Earth rotates from West to East, the places located to the East of Greenwich are ahead of Greenwich time, while places located to the West are behind Greenwich time.

Question 9. What is Indian Standard (1ST) and, why it is necessary to adopt standard time for a country?

Answer:

  •  In India, the longitude of 82 ½° E (82° 30’E) is considered as the standard meridian, and the local time at this meridian is taken as the standard time for the whole country. It is known as the Indian Standard Time (1ST).
  • It is necessary to adopt the local time of some central meridian of a country as the standard time for the country. It is because there is a difference in the local times on different meridians.

Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. What are the parallels of latitude? Explain the important parallels of latitude.

Answer:

An imaginary circle parallel to the equator is called latitude. All parallel circles from the equator up to the poles are called parallels of latitudes. These are measured in degrees.

The important parallels of latitudes are

  • Tropic of Cancer (23 ½° N) in the Northern Hemisphere.
  • Tropic of Capricorn (23 ½° S) in the Southern Hemisphere.
  • Arctic Circle at 66!4° North of the equator.
  • Antarctic Circle at 66 ½° South of the equator.

Question 2. Explain three heat zones of the Earth.

Answer:

The Earth is divided into three distinct heat zones i.e. the Torrid zone, the Temperate zone, and the Frigid zone. These are discussed below

  • Torrid Zone For at least once a year, the mid-day Sun is exactly overhead on all latitudes between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. As a result of this, the area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn receives the maximum heat, and this area is called the Torrid zone.
  • Temperate Zones The angle of the rays of the Sun goes on decreasing towards the poles. Thus, the areas between the Arctic Circle and Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere and the Antarctic Circle and Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere have moderate temperatures. These areas are called temperate zones.
  • Frigid Zones The areas between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere are very cold. This is because the Sun provides less heat due to its slanting rays. These are called frigid zones (very cold).

Question 3. What is the difference between local time and Standard time?

Answer:

The difference between local time and standard time are as follows

NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Geography Social Science Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes And Longitudes Difference Between Standard Time And Local Time

Question 4. How can we calculate the rate of time difference?

Answer:

The calculation of the rate of difference of time is given below

  • The Earth rotates 360° in about 24 hours, i.e. 360/24 = 157 hours, 15° in Ihour means, 60 minutes/15= 4 minutes for 1°.
  • For example, When it is 12 noon at Greenwich the time at 15° East of Greenwich (when it is 12 noon at Greenwich) will be 15×4 = 60 minutes or 1 hour ahead of Greenwich, which means 1 pm.
  • On the other hand, when it is noon at Greenwich, the time at 15° West of Greenwich (when it is 12 noon at Greenwich) will be 15×4 =60 minutes or an hour behind, which means 11 am.
  • The time at 180° will be 12 o’clock midnight when it is 12 noon at Greenwich.

Question 5. ‘It is necessary to adopt the local time of some central meridian of a country as the standard time for the country’. Explain about the standard time in this context.

Answer:

  • It is necessary to adopt the local time of some central meridian of a country as the standard time for the country. It is because there is a difference in the local times on different meridians.
  • In India, the longitude of 82 ¼° E (82° 30’E) is considered as the standard meridian, and the local time at this meridian is taken as the standard time for the whole country.
  • It is known as the Indian Standard Time (1ST). India is located East of Greenwich at 82°30’E, thus it is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of GMT.
  • Some countries have adopted more than one standard time as they have a great longitudinal extent. For example, in Russia, there are eleven standard times.

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