Dental Cysts – Symptoms, Causes And Treatment Question And Answers

Oral Medicine Cysts Important Notes

1. Pseudo cysts are:

• Stafne’s cyst
• Aneurysmal bone cyst
• Hemorrhagic bone cyst
• Mucocele

2. Aneurysmal bone cyst

• It is a lesion of young persons
• Commonly occur in long bones and vertebral column with a history of trauma
• Characterized by excessive bleeding

3. Cysts and their radiographic features

Read And Learn More: Oral Medicine Question and Answers

4. Cyst and their location

5. Cysts and their Origin

6. Nasolabial cyst

• Arises at the junction of the globular portion of the lateral nasal process, medial nasal process, and maxillary process
• It is a soft tissue cyst
• Has no radiographic features

7. Syndromes associated with dentigerous cyst

• Cleidocranial dysplasia
• Maroteaux Lamy syndrome

8. Gorlin Goltz syndrome

• Multiple Odontogenic keratocyst
• Basal cell carcinoma
• Bifid basal rib
• Sexual abnormalities
• Neurological and ophthalmological abnormalities

9. Rushton bodies are seen in

• Periapical cyst
• Dentigerous cyst
• Gingival cyst of infants

Oral Medicine Cysts Short Essays

Question 1. Median mandibular cyst.

Answer:

Median mandibular cyst

They have been derived from epithelium remnants between the fusing mandibular process during the embryonic phase

Median Mandibular Cyst Clinical Features:

• It is a rare lesion
• Site: in the midline of the mandible
• It may cause displacement of the adjacent teeth
• The cystic swelling may be palpable buccally
• The teeth associated with the lesion are vital
• Radiographic Features:
  • Well-defined small radiolucency is seen in the mid-line of the mandible

Median Mandibular Cyst  Management:

• Enucleation of the cyst is done
• Care should be taken not to damage the apices of the teeth

Question 2. Gingival cyst of infants.

Answer:

Gingival cyst of infants

• Gingival cysts of the infant are multiple small, nodular, keratin-filled, cystic lesions seen in the oral cavity
• Depending on their location, they are divided into:
  • Cyst of the dental lamina
    • These are mostly found along the alveolar ridge and are odontogenic in origin
  • Epstein’s pearls
    • These small cystic lesions are found along the mid-palatine raphe
    • They are derived from the epithelium, entrapped along the line of fusion of the palate during embryogenesis
  • Bohn’s nodules
    • These are small cysts usually found along the junction of the hard and soft palate and over buccal and lingual aspects of the alveolar ridge
    • They are derived from remnants of the mucosal glands

Gingival cyst of infants Clinical Features:

• They are usually multiple, asymptomatic
• They are small, discrete, white nodules developing in several parts of the oral cavity
• They may discharge the contents by fusion with the overlying alveolar mucosa
• They may undergo spontaneous regression

Gingival cyst of infants Management:

• No treatment is required

Question 3. Dentigerous cyst.

Answer:

Dentigerous cyst Clinical Features:

• Sex: Common in males
• Age: First and 3rd decade
  • Site: Mandibular 3rd molar, maxillary canines, maxillary 3rd molar
  • Expansion of bone
  • Facial asymmetry
  • Displacement of adjacent teeth
  • Resorption of adjacent teeth

Dentigerous cyst Radiological Features:

• The unilocular, well-defined radiolucency
• Margins- sclerotic

Dentigerous cyst Types:

1. Central: covering the crown of an unerupted tooth
2. Circumferential: covering the crown from all the sides
3. Lateral: covering crown from the side

Dentigerous cyst Management:

• Marsupialization- In children
• Enucleation – In adults

Question 4. Odontogenic keratocyst.
(or)
Question 4. Primordial cyst.

Answer:

Odontogenic keratocyst Clinical Features:

• Age: 2ndand 3rd decade
• Sex: Common in males
• Site: mandible
• Features:
• Asymptomatic
  • If secondary infected, causes expansion of cortical plates
  • Mobility of teeth
  • Pain and tenderness of the site

Odontogenic keratocyst Radiological Features:

• Unilocular or multilocular radiolucency
• Margins: well-defined sclerotic margins
• Expansion of cortical plates
• Soap bubble appearance

Odontogenic keratocyst Management:

• Enucleation of cyst:
  • Smaller single cyst through intraoral approach
  • Unilocular lesions through marginal excision
  • Large multilocular lesions

Resection of involved bone
↓
Reconstruction of the site
↓
Bone grafting

Question 5. Radicular cyst.

Answer:

Etiology:

• Dental caries
• Fractured tooth
• Thermal/ Chemical injury to the pulp
• Iatrogenic injury to the pulp

Radicular cyst Clinical Features:

• Sex: common in males
• Age: Young age
• Site: common in maxillary anterior
• Nonvital tooth
• Smaller cysts are asymptomatic
• Larger lesions produce slow enlarging, bony hard swelling
• Expansion and distortion of cortical plates
• Severe bone destruction
• Springiness of jawbones
• Pain is secondarily infected
• Intraoral or extraoral pus discharge
• Pathological fractures
• Formation of an abscess called “cyst abscess”

Radicular cyst Radiological Features:

• The unilocular radiolucent area around the apex of the nonvital tooth
• Border: sclerotic
• Diameter: less than 1 cm
• Discontinuity of lamina dura

Radicular cyst Treatment:

• Nonvital tooth
• Extraction
• RCT
• Smaller cyst
  • Removed through socket
• Larger cyst
  • Marsupialization

Oral Medicine Cysts Short Answers

Question 1. Residual cyst.

Answer:

Residual cyst

• Any cyst may have an associated periapical or periodontal cyst which is asymptomatic

Residual cyst Clinical Features:

• The patient may complain of tooth pain
• The tooth may be extracted without noticing the presence of a cyst in the region associated with the tooth
• In such cases, the cyst is known as a residual cyst
• It continues to grow even after the tooth is removed as the cystic lining is still present
• The cyst is seen in an edentulous area, in place of the extracted tooth
• Incidence is more in the maxilla than mandible

Residual cyst Treatment:

• Enucleation

Question 2. Globulomaxillary cyst.

Answer:

Globulomaxillary cyst

• A common type of developmental cyst
• Arises in the bone suture, between the maxilla and premaxilla

Residual cyst Clinical Features:

• Asymptomatic
• If the secondary infection causes pain and discomfort
• Small swelling between canine and premolar
• Vital teeth

Residual cyst Radiographic Features:

• The inverted pear-shaped radiolucent area between the roots of the upper lateral incisor and canine
• Divergence of the roots

Residual cyst Treatment:

• Surgical excision

Oral Medicine Cysts Viva Voice

1. A nasolabial cyst is a soft tissue cyst
2. Stafne cyst is due to the developmental inclusion of sali-vary glandular tissue on the lingual surface of the mandible below the mandibular canal
3. A nasopalatine cyst is the most common Odontogenic cyst
4. Globulomaxillary cyst is found within bone
5. A globulomaxillary cyst is present between the maxillary lateral incisor and cuspid
6. Globulomaxillary cyst is fissural cyst
7. A radicular cyst is an inflammatory cyst
8. Botryoid Odontogenic cyst is a multicystic variant of lateral periodontal cyst
9. Eruption cyst is a form of dentigerous cyst