NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 16 Management Of Natural Resources

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 16 Management Of Natural Resources Long Question And Answers

Question 1. List two effects of each of them on our environment.
Answer:

Effects of biodegradable substances:

1. They release harmful gases like methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, etc., during the decomposition process.
2. They release a foul smell only during the decomposition process but they do not cause any type of soil pollution.

Effects of biodegradable substances:

1. They persist in the environment for a long time and, thus, harm the various members of the ecosystem.
2. They cause pollution of air, soil, and water.

Question 2. State in brief two ways in which non-biodegradable substances would affect the environment. List two methods of safe disposal of non-biodegradable wastes.
Answer:

The non-biodegradable substances affect the environment in the following ways:

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• They persist in the environment for a long time and thus damage the environment.
• They cause land and water pollution.

Methods of safe disposal of the non-biodegradable waste:

• By underground dumping.
• By sending them to factories for recycling.

Question 3. What are the three problems that crop up due to the building of large dams?
Answer:

The three problems that arise due to the construction of large dams are:

1. Social problem: Displacement of a large number of peasants and tribals.
2. Economic problem: These projects swallow up large amounts of public money without the generation of disproportionate benefits.
3. Environmental problems: They contribute to deforestation and the loss of
   biodiversity.

Question 4. How are different stakeholders dependent on forests? Mention any four of them.
Answer:

• Local people living in villages near the forest area.
• Industrialists practicing recycling.
• Wildlife and nature enthusiasts.
• Forest department of the government.

Question 5.

1. Give two reasons why the construction of the Sardar Sarovar Project on the river Narmada and the Tehri Dam on the river Ganga faced opposition.
2. How is mining a cause of pollution?

Answer:

Opposition to these projects was mainly due to two reasons:

1. Social: As they displace large numbers of peasants and tribals without adequate compensation or rehabilitation.

2. Environmental: They contribute enormously to deforestation and the loss of biodiversity.

The extraction of minerals and their processing results in the production of huge amounts of slag, which causes pollution.

Question 6. Reuse is better than recycling. Give two examples of reuse strategy. Mention any two values we attain from this strategy.
Answer:

Reuse is better than recycling because even in recycling some energy is used while increasing, it is merely to use it again and again without consuming energy,

Example:

• The used envelopes can be reused merely by reversing them.
• The packaging material and thick polythene carry bags can be used many times.
• The plastic bottles of jam or pickles, after being empty, can be used for storing things in the kitchen.
• The mobile phones, cameras, TV sets, a pair of shoes, etc., canbe reused after preparing.
• Values: Environmental concern, awareness, being economically wise, knowledgeable, and justified, making the right decision, etc.

Question 7. Find out about the traditional systems of water harvesting/management in your region.
Answer:

These systems differ from one area to another.

Some traditional systems of water harvesting practiced in India are listed below:

1. Khadins, tanks, and nadis in Rajasthan.
2. Bandharas and tals in Maharashtra.
3. Bundhis in M.P. and U.P.
4. Chars and pyrites in Bihar.
5. Kulhs in Himachal Pradesh.
6. Ponds in the Kandi belt of Jammu region.
7. Eris (tanks) in Tamil Nadu.
8. Surangams in Kerala.
9. Kattas in Karnataka.

Question 8. List five things you have done over the last one week to—

1. Conserve our natural resources.
2. Increase the pressure on our natural resources.

Answer:

1.

1. Planted one tree.
2. Repaired leaking taps.
3. Did not burn coal to heat my room.
4. Reused old envelopes.
5. Did not use motorbikes to go for tuition.

2.

1. Chopped one tree growing in front of my house.
2. Left the lights on while not at home.
3. Burnt coal to heat my room.
4. Left the water tab open.
5. Used motorbikes to go for tuition

Question 9. Following is a list of six traditional water harvesting management systems. Give the names of states of India where they are in practice.

1. Khadins
2. Bundhis
3. Bandharas
4. Eris
5. Kulh
6. Kattas

Answer:

1. Khadins-Rajasthan
2. Bandharas-Maharashtra
3. Kulh-Himachal Pradesh
4. Bundhis-Madhya Pradesh
5. Eris-Tamil Nadu
6. Kattas-Karnataka

Question 10.

1. Locate and name the water reservoirs in figure1 and 2
2. Which has an advantage over the other and why?

Answer:

The water reservoir is a pond in Figure (1) and an underground water body in the figure (2)

Figure (2) has more advantages than Figure (1) because the advantages of water stored in the ground are many.

For example

1. It does not evaporate.
2. It spreads out to recharge wells.
3. Provides moisture for vegetation over a wide area.
4. It is protected from contamination by animal and human wastes.
5. It prevents the breeding of insects.

Question 11. In the context of the conservation of natural resources, explain the terms reduce, recycle, and reuse. From among the materials that we use in daily life, identify two materials for each category.
Answer:

Reduce means to use a material/commodity in lesser quantity,

Example: Electricity and water

Recycle means a material that is used once, collected, and sent back to a manufacturer

So that they can make some other useful material from it:

Examples: Plastic cups and buckets, glass tumblers, paper, metal objects

Reuse means using a thing over and over again instead of throwing it away. It does not involve the process of recycling either on a small or large scale: e.g., used envelopes, plastic carry bags, and bottles of jam.

Question 12. Prepare a list of five activities that you perform daily in which natural resources can be conserved or energy utilization can be minimized.
Answer:

1. Unused water in the water bottle may be used for watering plants.
2. Close all the taps before you go to sleep.
3. Avoid using a hose pipe for watering plants.
4. Wash vehicles only when they are dirty.
5. Use a fan and light only when required.
6. Use solar water heating devices.
7. Use CFL in place of conventional bulbs/tubes.

Question 14. Is water conservation necessary? Give reasons.
Answer:

Conservation of water is necessary due to the following reasons:

• Uneven distribution—some parts of our country have high resources of water whereas other parts suffer from chronic water shortage.
• Wide seasonal as well as yearly fluctuation in rainfalls.
• Water in rivers and ponds is polluted by dumping of untreated sewage and industrial wastes into it.
• The changing lifestyle of people, especially in urban areas, is consuming more water.

Question 15. Suggest a few useful ways of utilizing wastewater.
Answer:

Wastewater can be used for the following:

• Recharging the groundwater
• Can be used for irrigation
• Treated municipal water can be used for washing cars, watering the gardens
• Certain pollutants in sewage water can become fertilizer for various crops.

Question 16. What is the importance of forests as a resource?
Answer:

Forests are renewable resources that provide:

• Habitat, food, and protection of wildlife.
• Help in balancing CO₂ and O₂ of the atmosphere.
• Improve the water-holding capacity of soil.
• Regulate the water cycle.
• For human beings, they are the source for all essential commodities like fuel, wood, timber, pulp and paper, etc.
• Useful products like fruits, resins, gums, essential oils, hide wrappers, etc.