Dermatological Diseases Short Question And Answer

Oral Medicine Dermatological Diseases Important Notes

1. Various Findings Of Dermatological Diseases

Oral medicine Dermatological Diseases Various finding of dermetological diseases

2. Ectodermal Dysplasia

  • It is congenital dysplasia of ectodermal structures
  • Manifested as hypohidrosis, hypotrichosis and hypodontia

3. Pemphigus

  • Histological Features:
    • There is a formation of vesicles or bullae intraepithelial just above the basal layer producing suprabasal split c
    • Intercellular bridges in suprabasal layers disappear due to edema resulting in acantholysis
    • Clumps of degenerating cells are found in vesicular areas called Tzanck cells

4. Scleroderma – Features

  • Stiff and broad-like tongue
  • Lips become rigid
  • Microstomia
  • Dysphasia
  • Inability to open and close mouth
  • Extreme widening of PDL

Read And Learn More: Oral Medicine Question and Answers

5. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

  • It is a multisystem inflammatory disorder

6. Steven Johnson Syndrome

  • Severe bullous form of erythema multiforme involving the skin, eyes, oral cavity, and genitalia

Oral medicine Dermatological Diseases Systemic lupus erythematosis

7. Nikolsky’s Sign

  • Loss of epithelium due to rubbing resulting in raw sensitive surface
  • Seen in
    • Pemphigus
    • Familial benign chronic pemphigus
    • Epidermolysis bullosa

8. Tzanck Cells

  • They are multinucleated giant cells of epithelial origin
  • Seen in
    • Herpes
    • Pemphigus

9. Bulla Are Seen In

  • Intraepithelial Bulla
    • Herpes simplex Herpes zoster Chicken pox Pemphigus
    • Familial benign pemphigus
    • Epidermolysis bullosa
    • Oral lesions of eiythema multiforme
  • Subepithelial Bulla
    • Pemphigoid
    • Bullous pemphigoid
    • Bullous lichen planus
    • Dermatitis herpetiformis
    • Epidermolysis bullosa
    • Skin lesions of erythema multiforme.

Oral Medicine Dermatological Diseases.

Oral Medicine Dermatological Diseases Short Essays

Question 1. Lupus Erythematosus.

Answer:

Lupus Erythematosus

Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the destruction of tissue due to the deposition of autoantibodies and immune complexes within it

Lupus Erythematosus Types:

Oral medicine Dermatological Diseases Systemic And Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Lupus Erythematosus Generalized symptoms

  • Fever
  • Fatigue
  • Dysphagia
  • Depression
  • Splenomegaly
  • Lymphadenopathy
  • Leucopenia
  • Arthritis
  • Sjogren’s syndrome
  • Raynond’s phenomenon
  • Scleroderma
  • Pemphigoid
  • Pemphigus
  • Erythema multiforme

Lupus Erythematosus Investigations:

  • Anti-nuclear antibodies are present
  • Anti-DNA antibodies are present
  • Polyclonal hyperactivity of the B lymphocytes
  • Decrease in the number of suppressor cells
  • Leucopenia
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Hemolytic anemia
  • Hypergammaglobulinemia
  • Profuse proteinuria
  • Direct immunofluorescence
    • It reveals deposition of IgG, IgA, and IgM in the base¬ment membrane zone
  • Indirect immunofluorescence
    • It reveals circulating auto-antibodies

Lupus Erythematosus Management:

  • Systemic steroids are given

Question 2. Nikolsky’s Sign

Answer:

Nikolsky’s Sign is the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris

  • It is demonstrated by applying gentle pressure over the bullae
  • This results in the spreading of the lesion to the adjacent intact surface
  • Contacting an intact surface after pressing the lesion will result in the formation of a new lesion

Oral Medicine Dermatological Diseases Short Answers

Question 1. Koplik’s spots.

Answer:

Koplik’s Spots

  • Koplik’s Spots is one of the important clinical features of measles
  • Site: buccal mucosa
  • Presentation
    • The mucosa becomes inflamed
    • Over it, there is the presence of white or white-yellow pinpoint papules

Question 2. Four differences between pemphigus vulgaris and benign mucous membrane pemphigoid

Answer:

Differences Between Pemphigus Vulgaris And Benign Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid

Oral medicine Dermatological Diseases Differences between Pemphingus Vulgaris And Benign Mucous Membrane pemphigoid

Question 3. Mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Answer:

Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid

Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid is a relatively uncommon vesiculobullous lesion

Rare Vesiculobullous Lesion Clinical Features:

  • It usually produces mild erosion or desquamation of the gingival tissue
  • Vesicles or bullae arise from mucosal areas that have become erythematous earlier
  • In severe cases, large vesicles or bullae develop on the palate, cheek, alveolar mucosa, or tongue
  • They are quite large
  • They persist for several days
  • They are often tense and are relatively tough
  • Once the bullae rupture, they leave painful, eroded, or ulcerated areas that heal slowly

Question 4. Pemphigus Vegetans.

Answer:

Pemphigus Vegetans

  • Pemphigus Vegetans is a common form of pemphigus lesion

Pemphigus Vegetans Types:

  • Neumann type
  • Hallopean type

Pemphigus Vegetans Clinical Features:

  • Flaccid bullae appear
  • They become eroded and form vegetation
  • It becomes covered by purulent exudates
  • It exhibits inflamed borders
  • It terminates in pemphigus Vulgaris

Pemphigus Vegetans Oral Manifestations:

  • Granular/ cobblestone appearance
  • Gingival lesions are lace-like ulcers with purulent sur¬face on a red base or have a granular/ cobblestone appearance

Question 5. Define Vesicle And Pustule.

Answer:

Vesicle:

Vesicles are elevated blisters containing dear fluid that are under 1cm in diameter

Pustule:

Pustule refers to loa raised lesion containing purulent material

Question 6. Target lesions

Answer:

Target Lesions

  • Target lesions are a characteristic feature of erythema multiforme
  • They appear on extremities
  • They are concentric rings resulting from varying shades of erythema giving rise to target, iris, or Bullseye
  • They may be purpuric or paler in the center

Question 7. Auspitz sign.

Answer:

Auspitz Sign

  • Auspitz Sign is seen in psoriasis
  • If the deep scales on the surface of the lesion are re­moved, one or two tiny bleeding points are often dis­closed
  • This phenomenon is known as the “Auspitz sign”

Oral Medicine Dermatological Diseases Viva Voice

  1.  Nikolsky’s sign is a feature of Pemphigus
  2. Monro’s abscess is found in psoriasis
  3. Cicatricial pemphigoid primarily afr’ettc s
  4. Bull’s eye lesion is seen in erythema mar
  5. A butterfly rash is seen in systemic iu sese: (SLE)
  6. Antinuclear antibodies are a seer. in. SIS
  7. Kobner’s phenomenon is seen in Pen mar:
  8. Pemphigus vulgaris shows fish net pates immunofluorescence

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