Alcohol Question And Answers

by

Alcohol Short Essays

Question 1. Ethyl alcohol is used in methyl alcohol poisoning. Why?

Answer:

Methyl alcohol is converted to formaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase.

  • This formaldehyde is converted to formic acid by alkaline dehydrogenase.
  • Formic acid is the toxic metabolite of methyl alcohol which leads to.
  • Vomiting, headache, vertigo, severe abdominal pain, hypotension, delirium, acidosis, and coma.
  • To treat it ethyl alcohol-loading dose of 0.6 g/kg is given followed by an infusion of lOg/hour.

The action of ethyl alcohol:

  • It competes with methyl alcohol for alcohol dehydrogenase as it has a high affinity for it
  • Saturates the enzymes.
  • Prevents the formation of toxic metabolites like formaldehyde and formic acid.
  • Slows down the metabolism of methanol.
  • Thus, methanol gets excreted unchanged in the urine.

Alcohol Short Question And Answers

Question 1. Ethyl alcohol/ethanol.

Answer:

Ethyl alcohol is monohydroxy alcohol manufactured by the fermentation of sugar.

  • It is a colorless, volatile, inflammable liquid.

Ethyl alcohol/ethanol Used:

  • As an antiseptic and disinfectant
  • Counter-irritant for sprains, and joint pain.
  • Prevent bedsores.
  • Reduces body temperatures via sponges.
  • Treats interactable neuralgia like trigeminal neuralgia.
  • As appetite stimulant
  • To treat methanol poisoning.

Question 2. Methyl alcohol/methanol.

Answer:

Methanol is a CNS depressant

  • It is metabolized to formaldehyde and formic acid by alcohol and alkaline dehydrogenase.
  • Methanol poisoning occurs mainly due to formic acid.
  • It follows zero-order kinetics.
  • The plasma half-life is 20 – 60 hours.

Read And Learn More: Pharmacology Question and Answers

Methyl alcohol/methanol Uses:

  • To denatured ethyl alcohol.
  • No therapeutic use.

Question 3. Methanol poisoning.

Answer:

Methanol poisoning occurs due to toxic metabolites of methanol.

Methanol poisoning Manifestations:

  • Vomiting.
  • Headache, vertigo, delirium.
  • Severe abdominal pain, and hypotension.
  • Acidosis coma.
  • Retinal damage, blindness.
  • Death due to respiratory failure.

Methanol poisoning Treatment:

  • Protection of eyes from light
  • Gastric lavage with sodium bicarbonate.
  • IV sodium bicarbonate infusion to treat acidosis.
  • Maintain ventilation and BP.
  • Potassium chloride infusion to treat hypokalemia.
  • Ethanol is used to reduce the generation of toxic metabolites.
  • Hemodialysis is a severe case.
  • Fomepizole is an antidote. It is an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase.
  • Folate therapy. Calcium leucovorin injected repeatedly reduces blood formate levels.

Leave a Comment